WHO Releases Common Symptoms Of Heart Attack

By Onoja Baba, Nigeria

To mark the World Heart Day 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) has released a guide detailing the common symptoms of a heart attack.

In a post shared on X, WHO highlighted several warning signs that people should be aware of, including light-headedness, cold sweats, shortness of breath, chest pain or discomfort, and discomfort spreading to the arms, left shoulder, jaw, or back. Other signs include vomiting and becoming pale.

A heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, is a life-threatening condition in which the heart muscle begins to die due to reduced blood flow.

Typically caused by blockages in the arteries that supply blood to the heart, heart attacks can cause permanent damage if left untreated, and in severe cases, can lead to death.

According to the Mayo Clinic, a heart attack occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is suddenly interrupted or greatly reduced, leading to damage.

When this happens, the heart muscle begins to die, which can impair the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively to the rest of the body, making immediate medical intervention crucial.

Most heart attacks are caused by blockages in the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart. These blockages are often the result of plaque buildup—a sticky substance that forms on the artery walls. This buildup, known as atherosclerosis, restricts blood flow, similar to how grease clogs a drainpipe.

Severe plaque buildup leads to coronary artery disease, a common cause of heart attacks.

In some instances, plaque can rupture, causing a blood clot to form. If this clot blocks the artery, it can trigger a heart attack. Although rare, heart attacks can also occur without plaque rupture, accounting for about 5% of cases.

Other causes of heart attacks include coronary artery spasms, trauma, or rare medical conditions that cause abnormal narrowing of the arteries.

Conditions such as low blood pressure, low oxygen levels, excessively fast heart rates, and congenital abnormalities in the coronary arteries can also lead to heart attacks. Even eating disorders, which damage the heart over time, have been linked to heart attacks.

Recognizing the symptoms of a heart attack and seeking immediate medical help can save lives.

Leading a heart-healthy lifestyle, managing stress, and undergoing regular heart checkups are crucial steps in preventing heart attacks.